讲解人 · Ronan
原文
His comment offered a glimpse at the global ripple effect sparked by the Trump administration’s crackdown on H-1B visas, which enable American companies to temporarily hire high-skill foreign workers.
As the White House continues its sweeping crackdown on legal and illegal immigration in the U.S., it risks fueling a brain drain.
The administration says the policies are boosting opportunities for Americans.
But many immigration and industry experts have cautioned that the restrictions will hamper U.S. innovation and shackle the American economy.
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce — the lobbying powerhouse with officials from Meta and Microsoft on its board — is contesting the $100, 000 fee, and executives from smaller tech firms, like New Jersey-based AI company CoreWeave, have said the fee is a handicap.
Many experts agree, arguing the H-1B moves will stymie U.S. competitiveness, kneecapping startups and small businesses the most since it could dissuade many foreign workers and U.S. companies, particularly smaller firms, from pursuing the visa.
Though it’s too soon to analyze new migration trends and productivity data, other heavyweight nations are stepping in to snatch up the global talent.
The fee — which is typically paid by the employer — may cause large companies like Meta, Amazon and Microsoft, which have massive global footprints, to instead locate new high-skill talent at facilities those companies run in different countries.
Recent NFAP analysis suggests Trump administration immigration policies could deliver a major blow to U.S. economic growth.
Germany, Canada and other nations are now ramping up programs to recruit global tech talent in India and elsewhere.
带着问题听讲解
- 文中的 kneecapping 表示什么意思？
- 特朗普的 H-1B 签证政策可能对美国经济造成什么负面影响？
- 德国和加拿大等国家如何回应美国的 H-1B 政策？
讲解
重点词汇
reverberation
/rɪˌvɝː.bəˈreɪ.ʃən/
n. 广泛而长久的影响；回响，回荡
- 相关词汇：reverberate（v. 回响；产生广泛而长久的影响）
- 词根词缀：re-（反复），verber（击打，鞭打）
- 例句：Thunder reverberated across the valley.
- 近义词：echo
- 例句：The room reverberated with laughter.
相关词汇：a ripple effect例句：The financial crisis in 2008 had reverberations across the world for years.近义词：consequence；repercussion
glimpse
/ɡlɪmps/
n. 一瞥
- 搭配短语：catch a brief/fleeting glimpse of
ripple effect
涟漪作用，连锁反应
- 近义词：domino effect（多米诺骨牌效应）近义词：knock-on effect
crackdown
/ˈkræk.daʊn/
n. 制裁；打击；镇压
- 相关词汇：crack（v. 使破裂）搭配短语：a crackdown on/against
- 例句：The new mayor promised a crackdown on corruption.
相关词汇：crack down on- 例句：Police are cracking down on drunk driving.
- 近义词：clamp down on
sweeping
/ˈswiː.pɪŋ/
adj. 影响广泛的，大的
- 相关词汇：sweep（v. 扫地）搭配短语：sweeping reforms搭配短语：a sweeping victory搭配短语：a sweeping statement/generalization（笼统的概括）
- 搭配短语：a sweeping generalization about women drivers
brain drain
人才流失，人才外流
- 相关词汇：drain（v. 流出，排干）
- 例句：My emotional turmoil had drained me.
- 例句：His face drained of colour
- 词性拓展：drain（n. 下水道；耗费）
- 例句：There's a problem with the drains.
- 例句：The war was an enormous drain on the country's resources.
相关词汇：hemorrhage（n. 流失；大出血 | v. 流失）- 搭配短语：a hemorrhage of
- 搭配短语：a hemorrhage of jobs from the region
- 搭配短语：hemorrhage money
hamper
/ˈhæm.pɚ/
v. 阻碍，妨碍
- 词性拓展：hamper（n. 有盖的篮子）相关词汇：basket case（困境；无适应能力的人）
- 例句：He was a complete basket case after his girlfriend left him.
- 例句：The software rollout was a total basket case.
例句：Bad weather hampered the rescue efforts.搭配短语：hamper growth/recovery/development
shackle
/ˈʃæk.əl/
v. 阻挠，束缚
- 词性拓展：shackle（n. 镣铐）
- 近义词：manacle
- 英文释义：a shackle is a restraint
- 搭配短语：the shackles of tradition
- 搭配短语：mental shackles
例句：The outdated regulations are shackling the industry.
lobby
/ˈlɑː.bi/
v. 游说（政客、政府或官方团体）
- 词性拓展：lobby（n. 大厅）搭配短语：lobby for/against搭配短语：lobby to do
- 例句：Local residents lobbied to have the factory shut down.
handicap
/ˈhæn.dɪ.kæp/
n. 障碍，阻碍
- 文化补充：源自 17 世纪的交易游戏 hand in cap，规则是：两人拿出财物进行交换，由第三人估价差额，然后两人将手伸进帽子进行抽签，来决定由谁补足差价。英文释义：a situation that makes it difficult for someone to do what they want例句：Lack of experience is a real handicap in this job.词性拓展：handicap（v. 阻碍、妨碍）
- 例句：Poor reading skills handicap students in all subjects.
stymie
/ˈstaɪ.mi/
v. 阻止，妨碍
- 文化补充：起源于高尔夫运动，如果对手的球正好挡在你和球洞之间，让你没法直接击球入洞，这种情况就叫 a stymie。近义词：block例句：Financial difficulties have stymied the company's expansion plans.相关词汇：stymieing
kneecap
/ˈniː.kæp/
v. 致命打击；枪击（某人）的膝盖骨
- 词性拓展：kneecap（n. 膝盖骨）英文释义：to shoot someone in the knee例句：Trump's H-1B policy is essentially kneecapping the entire industry.
dissuade
/dɪˈsweɪd/
v. 劝阻
- 反义词：persuade（v. 说服）词根词缀：dis-（否定、离开）；suade（劝说）例句：I tried to dissuade him from leaving his job, but he wouldn't listen.
snatch up
夺走，抢走
- 相关词汇：snatch（v. 一把抓住，迅速夺走）例句：Bargain hunters were waiting to snatch up the best deals.
ramp up
扩大，增加
- 相关词汇：ramp（n. 斜坡，坡道）近义词：increase搭配短语：ramp up production搭配短语：ramp up the speed
拓展阅读
