讲解人 · John
原文
These hormones also signal the release of insulin from the pancreas to control our blood sugar.
This whole process is called the “satiety cascade”.
This cascade of hormones released from the gut and pancreas and sending signals to the brain may also have something to do with the sleepy feeling we get after a big meal.
But there needs to be more research to understand post-meal sleepiness, says Aaron Hengist, a postdoctoral visiting fellow at the National Institutes of Health.
Is it harmful to overeat?
Eating too much on the odd occasion has surprisingly little effect on our metabolism, says Hengist.
In 2020, he published the results of a study that looked at what happens when people eat beyond comfortably full, and when they eat to about-to-burst full.
“We were surprised that, despite the excessive energy intake, the body regulated blood sugar remarkably well, “ says Hengist.
While overeating once may not be immediately harmful, there is some research showing that multiple hours or one day of feasting can start to disrupt metabolism and put a strain on the body, which could, in turn, affect the brain.
While there are fewer studies looking at the impacts of a one-off feast on our bodies, existing evidence suggests it’s not detrimental to our brains.
“Our study shows that one-off indulgence is not as damaging as you might expect, so enjoy your festive dinner, “ says Hengist.
带着问题听讲解
- 如何理解 cascade 这个词？
- 根据文章，为什么人们在吃完一顿大餐后容易感到困倦？
- 根据文章，“只一次的大餐”是否会对身体不利？
讲解
重点词汇
festive
/ˈfes.tɪv/
adj. 节日的；喜庆的；（尤指）圣诞节的
- 例句：She was in a festive mood.搭配短语：the festive season (=Christmas)相关词汇：festival（n. 节日）
hormone
/ˈhɔːr.moʊn/
n. 荷尔蒙；激素
- 词根词缀：horman（希腊语，表示“使运动，驱使”）搭配短语：stress hormones；growth hormones
gut
/ɡʌt/
n. 肠；肠道；直觉；勇气
- 同义词：intestine（n. 肠）搭配短语：gut feeling（直觉）例句：Trust your gut.（直觉）搭配短语：have no guts（胆量）
metabolite
/məˈtæb.əˌlaɪt/
n. 代谢物
- 相关词汇：metabolism
molecule
/ˈmɑː.lɪ.kjuːl/
n. 分子
insulin
/ˈɪn.sə.lɪn/
n. 胰岛素
pancreas
/ˈpæŋ.kri.əs/
n. 胰腺
- 词根词缀：pan-（表示“全部”）；kreas（“肉”）
- 派生词：panorama（全景）
satiety
/səˈtaɪə.t̬i/
n. 饱腹感，满足感
- 词根词缀：sat-（表示“足够”）
- 派生词：satisfy（v. 满足）；saturate（v. 饱和）；assets（pl. 资产）
搭配短语：reach satiety
cascade
/kæsˈkeɪd/
n. 一连串；小瀑布
- 搭配短语：a cascade of events词性拓展：cascade（v. 像瀑布般落下）
- 例句：Her hair cascaded down her back.
have something to do with
与……有关
- 例句：I don't know what she studies, but it has something to do with computers.反义短语：have nothing to do with
- 例句：I have nothing to do with this!
fellow
/ˈfel.oʊ/
n.（教育机构的）研究员；家伙，哥们儿
- 例句：He's a nice fellow.
odd
/ɑːd/
adj. 不常发生的；不成对的；奇怪的；奇数的；单数的
- 搭配短语：odd numbers（奇数）
- 反义词：even numbers（偶数）
搭配短语：an odd sock例句：I enjoy the odd glass of wine.例句：He smokes the odd cigarette.
burst
/bɝːst/
v. 爆炸，爆裂
- 例句：The balloon burst.例句：The pipes burst.
excessive
/ekˈses.ɪv/
adj. 过度的，过分的
- 词根词缀：cess (“走”)；ex-（表示“向外”）相关词汇：excess（n. 过多；超过）搭配短语：excessive drinking；excessive speed
feast
/fiːst/
v. 饱餐；尽情地吃
- 词性拓展：feast（n. 盛宴）例句：We feasted on turkey and wine.
strain
/streɪn/
n. 压力；张力；拉伤
- 例句：The heavy workload put a strain on his health.
one-off
/ˌwʌnˈɑːf/
adj. 一次性的；只一次的
- 例句：It was just a one-off mistake.搭配短语：a one-off payment
detrimental
/ˌdet.rəˈmen.t̬əl/
adj. 有害的，不利的
- 近义词：bad，harmful例句：Smoking is detrimental to your health.
indulgence
/ɪnˈdʌl.dʒəns/
n. 享受；沉迷
- 相关词汇：indulge（v.）例句：Chocolate is my only indulgence.
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